Leveraging Hydrogen for Covering Energy Shortage in an Electricity Subgrid

Abstract

This study explores a sustainable solution for addressing the electricity supply-demand imbalance in Brack Ashatti  by utilizing excess electricity during off-peak hours for hydrogen production through electrolysis, and subsequently employing fuel cells to generate electricity during peak periods. The research evaluates the feasibility of using a hydrogen-based system to stabilize the national grid without the need for additional power generation units. Based on the calculations, the electrolyzer can produce up to 271.8 cubic meters of hydrogen per hour, requiring approximately 9.1 MW of electricity, which is sufficient to cover the network's 6.1 MW energy deficit during off-peak hours. With a hydrogen storage capacity of 421,255 cubic meters, this system can store hydrogen for later use in fuel cells to meet the 1689 MW deficit in the national grid during peak times. The results indicate that by optimizing hydrogen production through electrolysis and utilizing fuel cells for electricity generation, the proposed system can provide 8,424 MW of power, effectively covering the network’s deficit. This method not only resolves the supply-demand gap but also proves to be a cost-effective and efficient solution for achieving grid stability, without requiring additional power plants.