The Most Prominent Manifestations of Illness in COVID-19 Patients and Their Relationship to the Severity of Disease and Mortality in one of Isolation and Intensive Care Centers in North Western of Libya

Abstract

As SARS-CoV-2 spread rapidly across continents giving rise to the COVID-19 pandemic; scientists have worked intensively to understand the virus built, behavior and Response to vaccination and treatment. This descriptive-analytical study aimed: to assess the impact of predisposing risk factors, specifically age and chronic diseases, on predicting the extent of health deterioration and increased likelihood of mortality in COVID-19 patients. Methods: In this study, data from 100 treated patients were examined at one of Isolation and Intensive Care Centers in north western of Libya “Surman “.data were extracted from medical records using a data collection form, and patients were classified according to the WHO's clinical assessment criteria, reported risk factors and laboratory indicators. Most patients were men 66% with an average age of 68 years. Common conditions included diabetes 34%, hypertension 28%, and other comorbidities 24%. 11% of cases were classified as mild, 40% as moderate, and nearly 49% as severe. Significantly, many patients 89%, required intensive care with a survival rate of 69% and a mortality rate of 31%. Results: Disease severity was significantly associated with specific biomarker profiles at admission, characterized by decreased oxygen saturation 85.47% and elevated levels of CRP (118.5 mg/L) and D-dimer (1.86 µg/mL). Moreover, CRP and D-dimer levels showed a direct positive correlation with infection severity.  Recommendations: the need to strengthen community compliance with preventive measures and activate early medical intervention mechanisms as soon as clinical symptoms appear to reduce the risk of morbidity.